Fisheries as an activity is represented on all continents as a source of food, income and employment. Over the centuries, techniques and tools have become more sophisticated which has made it possible to catch larger quantities of fish and other marine organisms. Progress in the efficiency of fishing gear brings the problem of discarded old gear or the use of illegal gear. The constant increase in market demand for fresh sea fish also leads to the emergence of mariculture. To reduce the catch of wild fish, farms start with an increase in fish farming. Increasing needs for catching but also fish farming requires marine environmental impact studies. Areas of special sensitivity or areas completely depleted of fish species shall be declared to allow them to be repopulated and reproduced. The Ministry of Agriculture and the Directorate of Fisheries are the main state authorities in the adoption and implementation of measures to protect the fish stock and reduce the impact of fishing on the environment. Experts, in cooperation with fishermen, fishermen's associations, fish farmers and other participants, adopt measures and conduct studies with the main goal of implementing the adopted measures in a given period.