Throughout the history, humans have been experiencing the consequences of air pollution. Emissions and concentrations of air pollutants as well as the extent and damage of air pollution have a steady rise since the beginning of the industrial revolution when the burning of fossil fuels first began. Growth of world population, technological development and economic progress as well as the upturn of industry and transport sector requires more and more energy. Subsequently more fossil fuel is burned, and more air pollutants are emitted into the atmosphere. Only in the 20th century scientists have noticed the harmful effects which air pollution has on human health. World Health Organization (WHO) is a leading organization which deals with the burden of air pollution health effects. Adverse effects on vegetation, soil, animals, whole ecosystems, visibility, structures, welfare and global economy have been noticed and studied consequently. The phenomena such as acid rain, greenhouse effect, global warming and ozone layer depletion are becoming more adverse and effecting world welfare as certain air pollutants are continually emitted into atmosphere. Main air pollutants are: carbon dioxide (CO2), sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrous oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particulate matter (PM), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), ammonia (NH3), ground - level ozone (O3), radioactive elements such as radon and others. Humanity's way of managing the growing harmful effects of air pollution on a global level consists of proclaiming numerous international conventions, protocols and agreements which deal with air pollutants emission reduction as well as development and implementation of various technological solutions which deal with reduction of mentioned substances into the atmosphere.