Containerization has transformed the port sector from one generation to another and developed international trade between regions. Maritime transport plays an important role in world trade, accounting for more than 80% of the volume of goods traded between countries and more than 70% of the total value of trade. In terms of weight, the main products transported by sea are bulk goods, which usually have relatively low unit weight values, such as iron ore, coal, crude oil and grains. Higher value containerized cargo, although it accounts for about 16% of the total tonnage, is estimated to account for about 60% of the total value of maritime trade or more than 8 trillion USD in 2018. Containerized freight between China and Europe, or between China and the Czech Republic, is an important part trade between these countries and its volume continues to increase. This paper contains an analysis of the current state of two types of traffic, namely maritime and rail traffic between the Far East and Europe, that is, between the Far East and the Czech Republic. Both of these modes of transportation are environmentally friendly and should be used for transporting goods in the future. One part of this paper contains a comparison of selected aspects. The selected aspects are prices, transport time and safety. Comparing the two modes of transport, sea and rail transport, is reasonable, as prices, transport time and safety are important in deciding which mode of transport to use.