During the last century, there has been an increase in the number of people living in urban areas, with a simultaneous increase in the number of vehicles and technological progress. Sometimes people make mistakes in thinking and decision-making and deviate from perfection. Therefore, the need for smart autonomous cars stems from the high number of accidents and injuries in traffic, which are the result of various factors - whether they are caused by the human factor, technical problems, bad weather conditions and the like. The development of fully autonomous vehicles represents one of the significant challenges of today, but despite this, there is still much to be achieved. Traffic safety has the highest priority when planning traffic infrastructure, means and ways of people's movement. Autonomous cars have not yet achieved the necessary functionality and ability to make independent decisions. This development goes through six levels of autonomy to achieve the goal - a fully autonomous vehicle that functions independently. However, most people still would not be willing to commit to a fully autonomous vehicle to get from point A to point B, due to concerns about the safety and reliability of such vehicles. In this research, all aspects of the systems and algorithms behind autonomous vehicles are analyzed. Also, various sensors and the application of artificial intelligence are being researched as a key factor in the future development of these vehicles.